European Commission — consumer confidence
Monthly seasonally adjusted consumer confidence balance, useful for demand and retail planning. Negative values indicate a negative survey balance, not negative consumer spending. Reference month is represented by its first day; it is not the release date. Latest non-missing month is selected independently for each geography. Source checked every six hours; health every 15 minutes. Metadata: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/ei_bcs_esms.htm .
Attribution: European Commission, DG ECFIN; distributed by Eurostat, dataset ei_bsco_m, BS-CSMCI, SA, BAL. Source acknowledged; Angeloi is independent.